A cross-sectional study in asthma patients to determine if a late age of onset asthma (start symptoms >18 years old), is associated with more persistent airway/systemic inflammation, worse asthma control, more co-morbidity, a different microbiome and poorer quality of life despite the use of optimized asthma therapy.

Population

The aim is to enrol 30 patients with early onset asthma (age of onset < 18 years) and 30 patients with late onset asthma (age of onset > 18 years); all with a smoking history of < 10 PY. Both groups consist of 15 older asthma patients (> 50 years) and 15 younger asthma patients (< 50 years); per age group 15 healthy controls serve as comparison (no asthma). Asthma diagnosis is based on presence of typical clinical symptoms, reversible airway obstruction (+12% improvement in FEV1 after bronchodilator) or bronchial hyperreactivity (PC20 < 8 mg/ml) or a FeNO > 50 ppb. All asthma patients have GINA step 4-5 medication (high dose ICS/LABA) and are not adequately controlled (ACQ > 0,75)

Brief Title

General Risk Factors and Inflammatory Determinants in Older Patients With Asthma

Official Title

General Risk Factors and Inflammatory Determinants in Older Patients With Asthma

Brief Summary

A cross-sectional study in asthma patients to determine if a late age of onset asthma (start<br /> symptoms >18 years old), is associated with more persistent airway/systemic inflammation,<br /> worse asthma control, more co-morbidity, a different microbiome and poorer quality of life<br /> despite the use of optimized asthma therapy.

Detailed Description

For ages, asthma has been considered a disease for children and young adults. However,
nowadays 30% of all asthma patients is over 50 years old. Asthma in the elderly is generally
more severe and approximately 50% of all deaths drom asthma occur in this age group. With
rapid aging of the global population, the burden of asthma in the elderly will further
increase.

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease and the question is whether asthma in the elderly can be
considered the same disease as asthma in children and young adults. The pathophysiology and
risk factors of asthma in the elderly are still not completely understood. Good
characterization of asthma in the elderly requires clinical phenotyping as well as a thorough
analysis of the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. It is hypothesized that in
older asthma patients, a late age of onset (start asthma symptoms >18 years) is associated
with more persistent airway/systemic inflammation, worse asthma control, more co-morbidity
and poorer quality of life despite the use of optimized asthma therapy.

Outcome Measures

Outcome measures are the tests that investigators perform to prove whether or not a treatment being tested in a clinical trial is having any effect.

Inclusion Criteria Asthma patients:

  -  Age between 18-80 years

  -  Smoking history of < 10 packyears (PY)

  -  Willing and able to comply with the study protocol

  -  Asthma diagnosis is based on presence of typical clinical symptoms, reversible airway
     obstruction (+12% improvement in forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1) after
     bronchodilator) or bronchial hyperreactivity (PC20 < 8 mg/ml) or a (fractional exhaled
     nitric oxide) FeNO > 50 ppb. - All asthma patients have (Global Initiative for Asthma
     ) GINA step 4-5 medication (high dose ICS/LABA).

  -  Asthma control questionaire (ACQ) > 0,75

  -  Written informed consent.

Inclusion Criteria Healthy controls:\Inclusion criteria healthy control:

  -  Written informed consent

  -  Age between 18-80 years.

Exclusion Criteria:

  -  Smoking history of > 10 PY

  -  Age < 18 years or > 80 years

  -  Not able to speak or write Dutch language.

  -  Not able to perform lung function test/sputum induction

  -  ACQ < 0,75

  -  Other diseases which could influence pulmonary function and/or the immune system such
     as: o A possible infection of the upper- or lower respiratory tract 4 weeks prior to
     the collection of materials;

       -  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) in the medical history;

       -  Auto-immune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid
          arthritis (RA), myasthenia gravis or Goodpasture's syndrome;

       -  Malignancies;

       -  Inherited or acquired immunodeficiency

       -  Pregnancy;

Exclusion criteria healthy controls:

  -  Asthma, as defined earlier (page 13);

  -  An abnormal spirometry with a forced vital capacity (FVC) or FEV1 below the 80% of the
     predicted value

  -  A liaison with the coordinating or principal investigator, which could likely
     influence the decision to participate in this study voluntarily (in concordance with
     the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) -article 5);