Suicidal behaviors (SB) are a major health problem in France : 10 000 suicides and 220 000 suicide attempts every year. SB management is therefore a major public health issue. Evidence associated dysregulation of the serotonergic system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to vulnerability to SB. Recent data point to linke these abnormalities with neuroinflammatory clues, glutamatergic function and neuronal plasticity. There is a need to better understand the physiopathology and develop diagnostic and therapeutic tools in SB. The investigators hypothesize that increased peripheral biomarkers of inflammation would correlate to a disturbance of the cerebral metabolites, such as glutamate and NAA, especially in suicidal patients. Our aim is to compare rates of cerebral metabolites, in particular the complex glutamine/glutamate, in cerebral areas involved in suicidal vulnerability (the anterior cingulate cortex and the orbito-frontal cortex) between person with unipolar disorder with and without suicidal attempt.

Brief Title

Inflammatory Biomarkers and Brain Metabolites, a Study Based on Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Official Title

Title: Inflammatory Biomarkers and Brain Metabolites, a Study Based on Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.

Brief Summary

Suicidal behaviors (SB) are a major health problem in France : 10 000 suicides and 220 000 <br /> suicide attempts every year. SB management is therefore a major public health issue. <br /> <br /> Evidence associated dysregulation of the serotonergic system and the <br /> hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to vulnerability to SB. Recent data point to linke these <br /> abnormalities with neuroinflammatory clues, glutamatergic function and neuronal plasticity. <br /> There is a need to better understand the physiopathology and develop diagnostic and <br /> therapeutic tools in SB. <br /> <br /> The investigators hypothesize that increased peripheral biomarkers of inflammation would <br /> correlate to a disturbance of the cerebral metabolites, such as glutamate and NAA, especially <br /> in suicidal patients. <br /> <br /> Our aim is to compare rates of cerebral metabolites, in particular the complex <br /> glutamine/glutamate, in cerebral areas involved in suicidal vulnerability (the anterior <br /> cingulate cortex and the orbito-frontal cortex) between person with unipolar disorder with <br /> and without suicidal attempt.

Detailed Description

69 patients : 23 with suicidal thoughts and attempt, 23 with suicidal thoughts without
attempt and 23 healthy volunteers.

2 visits :

- Inclusion visit (V0) : (Day 1)

o Clinical interview : self and hetero assessment questionnaire

- Visit V1 (as soon as possible, day 1 if available) :

- MRI (spectroscopy)

Outcome Measures

Outcome measures are the tests that investigators perform to prove whether or not a treatment being tested in a clinical trial is having any effect.

Non-specific inclusion criteria:

  -  Having signed informed consent

  -  Able to understand nature, aims and methodology of the study

Specific inclusion criteria :

  -  Suicidal patient with suicide attempt :

       -  Persistent depressive disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
          of Mental Disorders - V (DSM-V) criteria, and evaluated by the Mini International
          Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)

       -  Hamilton Depression Scale > 7

       -  Suicide attempt < 1 week

  -  Suicidal patient without suicide attempt :

       -  Persistent depressive disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
          of Mental Disorders - V (DSM-V) criteria, and evaluated by the Mini International
          Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)

       -  Hamilton Depression Scale > 7

       -  No history of suicide attempt

  -  Healthy volunteers :

       -  No psychiatric history

       -  No history of suicide attempt

Exclusion criteria:

  -  Actual somatic, neurological or inflammatory pathology (C-Reactive Protein > 10mg/L)

  -  Traumatic brain injury with loss of consciousness

  -  Antibiotic treatment or anti-inflammatory treatment

  -  Actual toxic abuse according to DSM-V (except tobacco and alcohol)

  -  Actual or passed history of psychotic disorder

  -  Patient on protective measures (guardianship or trusteeship)

  -  Deprived of liberty subject (judicial or administrative decision)

  -  Pregnant women or breastfeeding

  -  Contraindications to MRI scan