It is currently accepted that depression during midlife is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Furthermore, several prospective population studies have demonstrated that depression is an independent risk factor for incident dementia of different types (e.g. vascular, mixed, Alzheimer's disease). However, it is not clear, what are the mechanisms that link depression and dementia, and if depression can be a prodromal manifestation of AD. There are also studies that suggest that depression could be an initial sign of AD. Objective: 1. Demonstrate that late life depression (over 60 years of age) constitutes the first manifestation of AD. 2. Define by rating scales and life stressors have differential risk profiles evolutionary AD. 3. To study the relationship between the subtypes of depression and CSF biomarkers, neurophycological test and evolution to AD.

Population

Consecutive patients referred from Primary Care and Psychiatry, Neurology with consultations for specialist for cognitive impairment and / or depression who met the inclusion criteria of the study assessment.

Brief Title

Relationship Between Protein Biomarkers in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Alzheimer&Apos;s Disease in Patients With Depression

Official Title

Study of the Relationship Between Protein Biomarkers in Cerebrospinal Fluid and the Risk of Progression to Alzheimer&Apos;s Disease in a Cohort of Patients With Depression

Brief Summary

It is currently accepted that depression during midlife is a risk factor for Alzheimer's<br /> disease (AD). Furthermore, several prospective population studies have demonstrated that<br /> depression is an independent risk factor for incident dementia of different types (e.g.<br /> vascular, mixed, Alzheimer's disease). However, it is not clear, what are the mechanisms that<br /> link depression and dementia, and if depression can be a prodromal manifestation of AD. There<br /> are also studies that suggest that depression could be an initial sign of AD.<br /><br /> Objective:<br /><br /> 1. Demonstrate that late life depression (over 60 years of age) constitutes the first<br /> manifestation of AD.<br /><br /> 2. Define by rating scales and life stressors have differential risk profiles evolutionary<br /> AD.<br /><br /> 3. To study the relationship between the subtypes of depression and CSF biomarkers,<br /> neurophycological test and evolution to AD.

Detailed Description

Groups of subjects: patients with recent apparition of late life depression without
fulfilling the dementia criteria (Global Deterioration Scale, GDS, stages 1, 2 and 3). A
longitudinal, prospective population study with two years follow-up. A cohort of will be
included in the study. The patient's depression will be defined and categorized according to
its severity (Yesavage Scale), whether it's endogenous or reactive (Holmes and Rahe scale)
and taking into account the patient's medical history of depression.

There will be a prospective follow-up of conversion to dementia (starting from GDS Stage 4).
It will be considered that dementia corresponds to AD if the biological markers of LCR
present typical changes of AD at the moment of inclusion (Beta amyloid low and P-tau high).

It will be studied if there's any correlation between the clinically defined depression types
and a high risk of progression to dementia and especially to AD.

Outcome Measures

Outcome measures are the tests that investigators perform to prove whether or not a treatment being tested in a clinical trial is having any effect.